Canadian History Time Line, 1711 to 1811

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The History Ring

1713

    The Treaty of Utrecht affirms possession of Hudson’s’ Bay, Newfoundland & Acadia by the British. Cape Breton is still French. France begins building a fort at Louisbourg (here for timeline)

1734 A woman slave is hanged in Montreal

1739

1740-44

1745

1748

1749

    Halifax is founded by Britain to counter the French presence at Louisbourg

1752

    The Halifax Gazette, CA’s first newspaper, is launched (See here for information on a date conflict)

1753

1754

    France & Britain begin to square off in a final round of struggle in the French & Indian War (photos not to be missed unless you have a slow connection)

1755

    Britain expels the Acadians from Nova Scotia for their neutrality in the English /French conflict. For Acadian links, try Tim Hébert's Acadian–Cajun history site; here for a history of Acadians in New Brunswick.

1756

1758

1759

1763

    France cedes claims in NA to Britain through the Treaty of Paris. British governing institutions are imposed on Quebec by royal proclamation. The tenor of relations between aboriginal peoples & government is established: land is set aside for Native people & the government has exclusive right to negotiate treaties

1774

    The Quebec Act restores French civil law, while maintaining British criminal law, guaranteeing religious freedom for Roman Catholics (Catholicism was outlawed in Britain) [As a fan of time lines, may I direct you to a good one of this time period which pertains to Napoleon's life and Europe? If you have a 4+ browser and Flash, try here]

1775-6

    Americans capture Montreal & attack Quebec City which, under (Sir Guy) Carleton, keeps the Americans at bay till the British fleet arrives. (Here for an author who explores the relationship between the American Civil War and Canada during this period.)

1778

1783

1789

    Alexander Mackenzie follows the river that would later bear his name to the Beaufort Sea. (Try here for some information on the Gwich'in people he met there)

1791

1792

1793

1806

    Le Canadien, a Quebec nationalist newspaper, is founded

1808

    Simon Fraser explores the river that now bears his name to the Pacific

1811

    David Thomson, a surveyor & mapmaker for the North West Company charts the Columbia River to the coast

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Updated March 2001

A review of this site by Brent Johner is available at the About.com Canadian History site.
N.B.: All links in the Time Line will take you off this site. Bookmark now, or use your browser's "back" feature. See Introduction for further information regarding links.
Maps:
For visual representations of the territories that were known in Canada during this time period, see Canadian Geographic's Mapping Canada site.

Notes

Abbreviations:

CA–Canada

CDN–Canadian

HBC—Hudsons’s Bay Company;

NA–North America

NAFTA–North American Free Trade Agreement.

Standard provincal & other abbreviations used wherever possible.

Primary sources: The 1999 Canadian Global Almanac by John Robert Colombo; A Short History of Canada by Desmond Morton.

Icons are used primarily to illustrate the main tenor of the entry for a given date and to help follow events at a glance.

= Exploration

= Historic voyage (exploration)

= Settlement

= Events concerning Native people

= Conflict for a national claim

= Treaty, act or decree

= Battle or war

= Religious matter

= CA nation


= Railroad

= Religious matter

= Western Canada

= Culture and media

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